В. Г. Гузев. Избранное

570 В. Г. Гузев. Избранное: К 80-летию er [21, p. 321]. In other words, mood is a verb grammar category having a concrete meaning of modality [5, p. 54]. According to V. V. Vinogradov, mood is the expression of modality by grammatical method [Cited by 21, p. 321]. The literature makes a distinction between two types of moods: di- rect (indicative) and indirect (oblique moods). Indicative mood that informs that the utterance content overlaps with reality and that there is an accord between the utterance content and reality is a direct mood. In other words, indicative expresses that the action (situation, process) represented by the verb stem, happened, happens, or will happen as perceived by the speaker. Moods other than indicative, also named as oblique moods such as (impera- tive, optative, conditional, debitive, subjunctive etc.) are categorized as in- direct moods [11, p. 248–249]. The subjunctive mood is defined by terms such as Konjunktiv, Subjunktiv in German, subjonctif in French and soslagatel’noye nakloneniye in Rus- sian. The subjunctive mood is an indirect mood showing that “the utterance content does not correspond to reality” [See 11, p. 249]. In principle, this mood refers to situations of hypothetically unreal actions or unreal actions concerning the possibility of the action at a particular situation or mood of compromise as perceived by the speaker and unreal actions as a wish (unreal wish) [See 22, p. 58]. In short, subjunctive mood is a verb conjugational cat- egory that articulates that the action has not come into effect in reality while it should have happened or it was possible and probable to have occurred through morphological method [5, p. 35]. World languages make use of the language means expressing the mean- ing of modality where the utterance content does not correspond to reality and use these forms in their grammars. This fact led some Turkic language researchers (primarily D. M. Nasilov [23, p. 14–15] and then researchers such as V. G. Guzev [24, p. 96], N. E. Gadjiaxmedov [22] etc.) to search for language units bearing similar meanings in Turkic languages. Accord- ingly, these studies helped pave the way for the discussion, investigation, and recognition of these abovementioned forms that had not been previously discussed in Turkic language grammars. 1 Consequently, this article aims to render a contribution to the recognition of the concept/meaning of “subjunc- tive” in addition to the recognition of subjunctive mood forms bearing this modality meaning in Turkish. Morphemes bearing the meaning of subjunctive mood in Turkish are as follows: -(E/Î)r idi (1) [its negative form -mEz idi (2)] and -(y)EcEk idi (3): 1 According to Tumasheva, this mood has been recognized in Tatar, Bashkir, Chuvash, Khakas, and Tofa (Qaragas) languages [13, p. 3]. Also see [25].